Vania



I. BECKER.

COKING RETORT OVEN.

APPUCATION man AP R.23, 1920 1,416,322, Patented May 16, 1922" '8 SHEETS-SHEET I. BECKER.

CUKING RETORT OVEN.

APPLICATION man APR.23. 1920.

1,416,322. at t d May 16, 1922,

1', BECKER.

COKiNG REIORT OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 23, I920.

Patented May 16, 1922.

8 SHEE]'SSHEET 3.

haazzzr.

J. BECKER.

CUKING HETORT OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED mus. :szo.

l,416,322. I Patented May 16, 1922.

1. BECKER.

COKING RETQRT OVEN APPucmnu mu) mazs. 1920.

1,416,322. Patented May 16,1922.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

J. BECKER.

CDKING RETURT OVEN APFLiCATlOH FILED APR 22. 1329.

Patented May 16, 1922.

8 SHEETS -SHEET 6.

fat;

@Mix,

J. BECKER.

COKING RETURT OVEN.

nPPLicmou man APR. 23, x920.

1,416,822, Patented May 16, 1922 B SHEETSSHEET Z.

J. BECKER. COKING RETUH'I UVEN.

APPL CAHON FILED AP?I.23, 1920 16,322. Patented May 16, 1932.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

r], A L/" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFlCE.

JOSEPH BECKER. OF PITTSBURGH. PENNSYEVANIA. ASSIGNOR TO THE KOPPERS COMPANY. OF PITTSBURGH PENNSYLVANIA. A CORPORATION OF PENNSYL- VANIA.

COKING RETORT OVEN.

Annllcation Med April 23, I920.

To all whom if "my concern lie it kuoun that l Josm'u Harm-u. a citizen of the l'niu-tl States, residing in Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Colrin; Retort )vens, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention cmuprehciuls improvements of general utility in the coking; re-

tmt oven art: and also comprehends certain improvements especially ap licahle to coking retort ovens of the well nown Koppers crosse'geiierative type exemplified in the pateflli to-- H. Kopp'ers No. 818,033 dated April 1-7, 1900.

The invention has for one, of its objects tht piovision of n coking retort oven having-,Yas an important characteristic, on ex- 29 tre'rne flexibility in operation exemplified in.

a man adaptability of the; oven for operatioi't'j-either with producer gas :is afuel, or' witli bdke oven as burned in'a 'n atmosphere of bftll fi'afy prclicgited air, such as is utilized in oz tirnury coke ovens,"or with :c ke oven ga'sF'W-ndin uh atmosphere containing botlliir and 'a neutral gaseous diluent which iihtrlidued into the'ctirpbustion flues sepaii\tilji frbtn"the air. Iii "the invention, q. 30 quick pr'id'ready conversion of the oven for o ierilt tin gccpi-rlingto any one ofthe modes a e specified, mlty be effected without rnryiiglhe pal'flflisfwfll plalne'dl' Ill oi-gencral applicationin the coking rcttil'tikr'fen fart, is d' further object of the invlifition" toprovideit process imdup a 40 ratti 'foi-"irici'eh'sing the elliciency of '00 e ove'li fiitisor other gn'ses' rich in hydrogen con t'uhivhen employed asa fuel for ellcct "ltipf'tlilcarhonimition of'thefroal, in tluit an eve disti'ibution of the:- heut'oi'er the area 15 of lteilieiiting walls promoted and the hmi i'fiil cll'ects of [lame mn'contrntion avoided. This object, in accordance with the pres- "iiiit'j'nvehtion is attained without the necessItj'B'f mdking 'nlterations or reconstructing uwipnmu structure of n coking plant that is sha nion for using as a. fuel a speciulg'eri'criimr gus.'si|cli "as producer gas. ""lnfiirldition to the general "bier-ts H'i'ilwl above, the invention has for further objects opeeration of installed control hereinafter more fully ex- Specifics tion of Letters Patent.

' scribed l'HlOIliOtl May It}, 1922.

Serlal No. 876,126.

such other improvements or advantages in construction :ll'ltl Operation us are Found U) llllllllll iu th structures urul lCVlCBS hcrcin ufter described or claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a purl of this specificati n. fll'Hl showing. for purposes of evenxpliliruth-n a preferred form and manner in hich the invention may be embodied and practiced, but without limiting the claimed invention specifically to such illustrative instance or instances:

Figure l is a general view of :1 small coking plant embodying features above specified andequipperl with thcfimprovements of the present invention, the view being taken on vertical planes crosswise of the plant through a coking chambcrthe regencrators and other parts; i i

Fig. 2 is ii composite vertical section and elevation of a coking retort oven embodied in a plant of the type illustrated in Fig} 1 the sectional ortlon of the figure being taken-0n vertical planes longitudinally of the battery indiciited by the lines (-43, D- D, EE end of Fig. 3;

Fig. 3 is a transverse section taken transversely through a henting'wall of the coki'ng'reto'rt oven'in at plane indicated by the f et-A Fig.

' lug. 4 is g vertical section takentransversely through a coking chamber of. the poking retort oven in a'planc indicated by the. line 13-13 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical sectional elevation taken transversely through the Jusher side. of n coking retort oven such as'9 illustrated in' Fig. 1 and showing certain, fuel and exhaust mains and their controlling connections hereinafter more. fully de Fig] (5 is un enlarged fragni'euhtry ele iia; tionul. view.loolging tpwgu d the pushensidw of the oven iind shoji ing pn rtly insection and partly .in .elev'ation the devices illustrutcd in Fig.5;

' Fig. 7 is an enlarged f rugmentiiry top plan view of the controlling devices'illus trated in Figs. 5 and G; and I i Fig. 8 is a fragmentary horiqo'utul section. through the heating'wiills :uul coking chumhers of the coking r etort oven.

The same characters of reference indicate the suiue parts throughout the u-i'l'l'ill views. lu its present embodiment the invention is incorporated in it small coking plant. iich as is illustrated til the accompanying drawings and having features of the wellknown Koppcrs cross-rgcnerative type, exemplilicd in the patent to H. Koppers hercinnhove mentioned. which coking retort oven or plant includes in its construction crosswisc extending parallel heating walls constituted of series of vertical flame or combustion lines, elongated coking chambers or ovcns intcrmcdintc the heating walls. and parallel therewith, and crosswise extending regeneratois located at a lower level than the coking chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith. For convenience. the prcscnt dcsrription will be confined to this usc of tho invention; features of construction and operation are. however, readily susceptible to other valuable z plications and consequcntly. it is manil st that the scope of the invention is by no means confined to thc specific use and s ecific embodiment herein described as an il ustrativc example.

Referring to the drawings, there are illustrated sectional views of a coke oven battery or plant of the lay-product type, such has been hereinbefore mentioned, which embodies in its construction a plurality of crosswise elon ated heating walls 11, 11 and a plurality 0 intermediate crosswise elon gated vcrt-ical coking chambers or ovens 1'2, 12. The heating walls 11 form the side wills of the respective coking chambers 12. as shown more particularly in Figs. 2 and 8; and in the resent instance are supported b the heavy supporting or pillar walls 13, 1% extending crosswise of-the battery and located, as shown in Fig. 2, beneath the respectlve heating walls 11. These pillar wrills collectively form the nain support for the entire superstructureof the oven battery and are themselves firmly supportedrupon a flat mat or platform 14. which constitutes the sub-foundation on which the entire battery rests. The coal to be coked is elevated by means of a conveying apparatus indicated nerally at 15 into the coal hoppers 16 which are supported by u superstructure above the top of the battery of owns 12. Running on a track 17 on the top of the oven-battery is'a lurry-carlS which receives coal from the hop r .16 and char es the several coking chain rs or ovens 12 t rough charging holes [9 located in the top 20 of the oven battery and positioned directly above the ovens or chambers 12. as shown in Figs. 1 and 4. These charging holes 19 are e nipped with the usual removable covers, which are removed during charging ot'tho several ovens and placed in position to close th tops of tho ovens during the entire coking operation,

lleut for rokin tlic clmrgt-s of coal in the sou-rail nvcns or c l iumbers I2 is derived from thc hculing walls ll. which. us before mcntowards the contiguous coking chamber.

The said two scrics of lines in each h uting wall arr opcrutlvclv ili!\'[H'l \ll in two groups.

catch f about lutll ll!" ugllx ii the hunting all and rcspcctivclv on opposite sides of Lll( l 'lllQ-l' llDB Z3, ilnlitalul zit about tlll? middle of tho length of thc heating wall shown-in longitudinal section in Fig. 3 and in horizontal section in Fig. :5.

'l'lu crosswise rcgenerntors 2.4 of thc retort oven or hattcr) are located at it lower level than [hr aforesaid heating walls ll and coking chambers l2 and in the present instance extend in parallelism beneath the coking cluunhcrs l2 hctu-ccu the pillar walls 13'. Bclow tho middlc lengthwise line of the h nting walls 23 alorcsnid. thcrc is :1 part-ition 25, as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4, which extends all the way up from the mat of the battery to thc bottom of the overlying coking chamber and from one to the other of the illar walls 13, such partition corresponding in position with the line between the hereinbcforc mentioned two groups of combustion fines. \Vith this construction, the/re ate thus formed below each coking chamber and crosswise of the battery, two end to end rcgenerators 24, the meeting ends of which are the partition 25 above mentioned. Each regenerator 2- is a chamber containing open rickwork commonly called chcckerwork and indicated at 26, with a distributing solo channel '27 underneath the checkerwork of each rcgsnerubor, the channels forming the solos of such chambers and opening up into the checkerwork of their rcspective regenerntors. These regcnerators in alternation are heated by the hot combustion products that are exhausted from thflame or combustion fines hereinbefore me tioued and then impart such heat to the medium that they feed into these flame lines. the preheated medium so fed into the flame tlurs varying in accord once with the character of ovcn operntiomas will hereinafter uppcnr. In accordance with the present embodiment of the invention, the sole channels 27 of the re-gcncrutors on both sides of the longitudinal partition wall 25 extend from the same side of the battery to their rcspcctivtrcgcncrntors. and tho inflow to or the outllow from the rcgcneratom on both sides o fsuch nrtition wall 25 is con trolled from one Sit c of the battery. prcfcr ably although not ncccssnrily tho pusher sir e, designated generally by the letter A. It will he noted, by reference to Figs. 2, 3 and 4, that the sole channels 27 are disposed in pairs, one sole channel of each pair opening'up into the checkerwork of a regenerator on the near side of the dividing partition and the other sole channel of such pair ex tending under the aforesaid regenerator and opening up into the checkerwork of the regenerator on the far side of the dividing partition.

The reversal in direction of flow through the several re eneratorsr of the battery, and also through t e flame or combustion fines of the heating walls with which the regenerators communicate, takes place crosswise 0f the battery in accordance with the mode of operation employed in the patent toKoppers above mentioned; For example, allof the regenerators 24 on oneiside of the partition 25 operate concurrently as inflow regenerators, while all. of the regenerators on the opposite side of the partition 25 are operating concurrently as outflow regenerators, and this is true notwithstanding the medium introduced into the several regenerators. On reversal b means of the reversiugconnections hereinafter described. allof thergenerators-on the far-side of the aforesaid partition 25 become inflow operatimg regenerators while at the same time all of the regenerators -on thenear side of the partition becomeoutflow operating regenerators.

Each fine of both series 21 and 22 of each heating wall has at its top a port or opening 23 for draft and the passage of combustion products or waste gas from the flames within the flues. These orts 28 open up into horizontal Hues 29 f walls and connectin all the fines of both series and groups 0 "-each heatingwall together. In the operation of tlie'oven battery, the several Hues on one side of the longitudinal dividing line 23 operate as upburning lines while concurrently the sev-,

oral lines on the other side of such dividing line 23 operate as downdraft or exhaust lines, the several flues on each side of such dividing line exchan 'ng functions on lie verse] of the oven. e horizontal channels or flucs 29 just mentioned serve-to direct the exhaust gases issuing from the p 0rts;28 m the u 'iburning flues into the similar ports hot the downdraft tines on the oppositeside of the Iong-itudi'ifal dividing line. Thedraft through the potfts 28 can be 'regulurted'by m ans of the usual movable dampers or slid",

lie bricks, positioned in the ordinary way ii. the bottoms of the horizontal fines 29 and .1 ipted to be reached by access Hues 30 iv -i h extend from the top'of the channels 2! in ea h heating wall t the top 15 of the lml t 'v, there being an ac ess flue positioned mcr each flame or combustion flue of each in sting wall.

rtned in the heating Extending crosswise of the battery in each pillar wall 13 and located beneath the heating wall 11 thcreabove, is a pair of gassupply channels 31 and 32, the channel 31 be ing located above the channel 32, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. These channels 31 and 32 are for the purpose of supplying coke oven gas to the several lines on each side of the central dividing line indicated at 23, and to accomplish this end, the channel 31 communicates with'the individual lines 21 and 22 disposed in the groups on the near side of the line 23 by means of ducts 33 that lead from such channel 31 individually into the bottoms of individual fines; and the channel 32 which supplies the several lines 2-1 and 0f the groups of fines on the far side of the divid ingvline 23 communicates therewith by means of similarl connecting ducts 34. \Vithin the several ducts 33 arid 34 are disposed the usual nozzles 35.

The supply of coke ovcn gas to the channels 31 and of the res )ertive heating walls 11 is derived from a, co e oven gas main 36 locatedin the present instance on the pusher side A of the battery and extending longitudinally therealoiig, shown in Fig. 6. Connected with said main 36 is a scric-s of supply pipes 37 respectively leading oto.

ranch pipes 38 which terminate respectively in gas guns 39 that enter the inlets of pairs of adjacent gas channels 31, there being a branch pipe 38 and gun 39 for each of such channels. second series of supplypipes 40 also connects with the supply main 36 and each supply pipe 40 is provided with branches ll'having at their discharge ends guns 42 that respectivelyenter the inlets of a pair of channels 352 fed by each supply pipe 40. The several supply 1110s of the series 37 are individually provi ed with controlling valves 43 operable by valve operating levers 4A, all of which levers are controlled by a single cable 45. Similarly the supply pipes of the series 40 are provided with controlling valves 46 respectively operable by valve operating levers 47 all of which are controlled by a single cable [8, as shown in Fig. 5. These cables and 48 are controlled from a centralreversing station and assuming that the 0 on is operating with coke oven gas as ii iii 1, the cables 4.5 and C8 .are operated at each periodic reversal of the li 'iiied with dampers 57 for'openinfi Patent No. 1,312,301 dated August 5, 1919 and the prior patent to Joseph van Ackeren No. 1,312,372 dated August 5, 1919. Each regeneratorcommunicates with each flue of both series of fines in each of the two heat ing walls adjacent opposite sides of the top of such regenerator, extending substantially half the length of the coking chamber above said aerator. Such communication between t e fines and regenerators is by means of forked regenerator ducts 49, each extending (as fully disclosed in the said two patents and as shown in Fig. 2) first obliquely and then vertically up into the heavy pillar wall 13, and then forking into two ascending ports 50, 51 that respectively open into a pair of oppositely facing contiguous lines, one in eac of the two flue series In the heating walL These two branches of such forked duct become substantially vertical under the flue into which each; becomes a port, and are so offset from the main channel of the duct at its place of forking F as to equalize the regenerator flow from suc channel into and throu h such branches of the fork.

Re erring now more articularly to Figs. 6 and 7, the sole channe s 27 of each pair of regenerators ositioned endwise beneath a coking cham res actively communicate with air boxes locate according to the present embodiment of the invention, on the pusher side of the oven battery. That is to say, the sole channel 27 of each regenerator on the near side of the longitudinal. partition 25 communicates with an air box 52: and each regenerator on the far side of the aforesaid longitudinal partition communicates with an air box 53; this results in the arrangement of two series of air boxes 52 and 53 along the pusher side of the oven battery, the air boxes of each series being in communication with enerators located as aforesaid. Extending ongitudinally of the battery or plant is an exhaust main 54 for the waste ases or products of combustion exhausted n the several regenerators (see Figs. 3 and 4) and each air box of both series 52 and 53;is provided with a port 55lending to a channel 56 which opens up into the aforesaid exhaust main 54. The several air boxes of both series are respectively proandlclosin the rts 55 with respect to 0 ex iaust mgin 54 nd these dampers 57 are adapted to be 0 erated b damperoperating levers 58. All of the amper-operating levers 58 of the series of air boxes 52 are controlled and operated by a single cable 59 and SllIll-' larly all the damperroperating levers 58 of the series of air boxes 53 are controlled and operated by a single cable 60, as shown more particularly in Fig. 7. Accordingly by operation (controlled at the central reversing station hereinbefore mentioned) of the two damper-controlling cables 59 and 6*.)

respective air boxes to the outer air acoording to the mode of o ration of the coking lant, as will liereina ter appear. Each air ox lid is adapted to be operated by a lid-oper'aLing lever 62 and the levers 62 of alternate pairs of air boxes 52 and 53 are controlledand operated by a single cable 63,

whereas thelevers 62 of the pairs ofair boxes 52 and 53 intermediate such alternate pairs of air boxes aforesaid are controlled and operated by a single cable 64, as shown more particularly in Figs. 6 and 7. The cables 63 and 64 are respectively provided with stops 65 and 66 suitably positioned therealong for engaging and operating the several levers which they control, such stops being adapted on movement of the cables in one direction to engage certain of the levers 62 and operate them, while concurrently releasin i othe Levers 62 permitting the corn spondl ng lids 61 to remain in or be returnco to closed position. Both the cables 63 and 64 are inovable into three positions, that is into neutral, right, and left positions. \Vben either of the cables 63 or 64 are in neutral position, the lids 61 of all of the alternate members of both series 52 and 53 of air boxes that such cables control are in closed position. The operation of one of the cables to its left position, for example the cable 64 as indicated in Fig. 6, results in the opening of the lids 61 of one member of each alternate pair of air boxes, such as the lids of the air boxes 52- that are controlled by the cable 64 aforesaid, whereas the lids of the air boxes 53 of the same alternate pairs of air. boxes remain in closed position. Conversely, on movement of the same operating cable 64 toward the right, the lids of such air boxes 53 as it controls are opened and the previously opened lids of the air boxes 52 are permitted to close. The other cable 63 controls the pairs of air boxes intermediate the alternate pairs' controlled by the cable 64, in exactly the same manner as has just been described. Consequently, bv operating both cables simultaneously in the same direction all of the air boxes of either series 52 or 53 may be opened, this depending on whether the cables are moved to the right or left 0- sitions. In so operating the cables, the lldS of an entire series of air boxes 52 may be opened while the lids of an entire series of a1 boses 53 are closed. Either cable, however, may be operated iluilependcntly of the other and as each cable controls only alter nate pairs of air boxes the operation of one cable to right and left position, while the other cable remains in neutral posit-ion would result in opening the lid 61 of only every fourth air box while the lids of all the other air boxes remain in closed position. The operating connections for the air boxes are thus capable of great flexibility of control, all of which is taken advantage of in the conversion of the oven operation into one of the several modes of operation as hereinbefore mentioned and t'c be set. foith presently in detail.

The exhaust main or waste gas tunnel 54 leads to and is adapted to conduct the waste gases from the downflow fines and outflow regenerators to the usual waste gas stack, not illustrated, but of any approved construction. Extending longitudinally along the pusher side of the battery or plant is a return waste gas or exhaust supply main 6?. which is supplied with waste gas'or products of combustion that are discharged into the waste gas tunnel 54. Suitable connections may be provided fo leading a portion of the waste gas from the tunnel 54 into the waste gas supply main 67, these being preferablylocated at or in the vicinity of the stack. It is furthermore preferable to pass the waste gas from the tunnel 54 through a cooler of any approved construction before feeding such gas into the waste gas suppl 1nain 6T, as the gas in the tunnel 54 is sti i too hot, in most cases for be'ng fed back through. the supply main 6 and subsequently into valve control connections lead' ing from said main 6?. The supply of waste gas to the main 67 may be opened up or shut olf at will at the point where the main 67 is connected with the tunnel 54 by means of a suitable controlling valve. Alongside of the waste gas supply main 67 is a producer gas supply main 68 leading from a suitable source of supply of produce gas and also adapted to be opened up to or shutoff from its source of supply by means of an approved controlling valve. The valves that controlthe supply to the waste gas main 6? and producer gas main 68 are not herein illustrated for the reason that the specific construction of such valves is wholly imma' terial to the present invention.

Leading into each air box of both series pf air boxes 52 and 53 is a branch supply;

pipe 69 and such pipes 69 are severally cortnected with the aforesaid waste gas supply main 67 by means of vertical branches 70, shown more particularly in Fig. 5. Each branch 70 is provided with its individual valve 71, permitting individual control of the flow from the main 6? into the several branch pipes 69. These branch pipes 69 are respectively provided with cable-operated valves 72 having valveoperating levers 73. as shown in Figs. 5;;6 and 7. According to the present arrangement, the pairs of valves 72 corresponding to alternate pairs of air.

the branches 69 leading into thpntinegeuies 7 5 of air boxes 52are operated by a single 74: and similarly all the valve op ing levers 73 that control the How intostl e i -r boxes of the entire series 58 are operated a single cable 75. The caps 'Ztand (M nro also controlled from the above me; 'nned central reversing station. C the branch pipes 69 of alternate pairs boxes 52, 53 as shown in T. arepi, gas supply pipes 76 which are. individna l-y connected with the producer gas mairnfilifh) means of vertical pipes 77. 'Ihe ventiegl pipes 77 are also provided with indiyidnal valves 78 for controlling the flow o f pimducer. gas into the branch pipes 69,.Wi-th which such vertical pipes 77 are connected.

As hereinbefore stated, one of tlieiess eptia l features .of the invention is the attainp en t of an extreme flexibility in operation gftia coking plant, permitting a'ready adaptabiib ity ofthe oven for operation either with producer gas as a fuel or with coke ovengas burned in an atmosphere of ordinary .prti heated air such as is utilized in ordinary coke ovens. or with coke oven gas burnediin an atmosphere containing both air angina neutral gaseous diluent, which is introduced into the combustion tlucs sepuratelytroamthe air. These ends are attained by the-{inconporation in a coking plant of strnct-ura-lifejae lures and a flexible system of. controlgisuoh as has been described in connection Wlhlhthe present embodiment of the inventionliauA number ofimportant advantagesandgfim's proveinents made by the invention can hghviever. best be pointed out by tracingoutsepa; rately the operation of the invention fasrexr emplih'od in the accompanying drawings, :ac? cording to its several different modes=of operation.

The operation of the retort oven .onha-b tery, when using a special generator-gas. such as ordinary producer gas. as a fuel is as follows. The return waste gas main G'Tlis cut oil from its source of supply ofwvast-e 'gas by a proper operation of the mnincone trolling valve of'said main; the snpplytnf coke oven gas to the coke oven gas main-3G is also shut off; the result is that botht he return waste gas main ()7 and the coke one-n gas inain 3G hear an inoperative relation to the oven. in so far as producer gas operation concerned. A supply of producer gas is however turned on into the producer gas main 68 by opening the main valve of such fit producer gas main and the producer gas enters the vertical pipes 77 and passes into the branch pipes 69 to alternate pairs of air boxes 52 and 53, from which branches the gas may flow in proper sequence into the regenerators 24 that operate to preheat the producer gas before delivering it into the combustion flues. Assuming that the several re nerators arran ed on the near or pusher si e A of the longitudinal partition wall 25 of the coke oven battery are operatin as inflow regenerators and that the severa regenerators on the'far side or coke side B of the longitudinal partition 25 are operating.

as outflow regenerators, it follows that the flues'21 and 22 on the pusher side of the longitudinal partition are concurrently operatin as upburning flues while the fines on the ar side of the longitudinal partition are operating as downfiow waste gas flues and are delivering the waste gas or products of combustion into the outflow regenerators throu h t e system of ducts hereinabove spec' ed. On the pusher side of the battery, regenerators through which an inflow of producer gas is maintained alternate wlth regenerators through which an inflow of out side air is maintained, and by means of the fine and duct construction previously de scribed, every flue receives through its bottom ports 50 and 51 21 suppl of preheated air from one port and a supp y of preheated producer gas from another port, the supply of gas and air being in about equal proportions which are the proper proportions when operating with producer gas. period within which the regenerators and lines on the pusher side A of the oven battery are all operating for upiiow, the several con trol devices assume relative positions as Follows. The air box lid controlling cable ii?) that controls the alternate pairs of air boxes 52 and 53 which are connected with the producer gas main 68 by means of the aforesaid pipes 76 and 7 7 is maintained constantly in neutral osition, notwithstanding, subsequent reverse of the uptlow from the pusher side of the battery to the 'cokeside oflthebatter and consequently the air box lids lil of these alternate pairs of air boxes 52;,"53 always-remain closed whenever the oven'is operated with producer gas as a fuel. ()n the other hand however, the other air box lid controlling cable Q4 controls only the air box lids of the pairs of air boxes 52 and 53 which are intermediate the pairs of air boxes aforesaid and arou oit connected with the producer gas Ina-in 67, and consequently the cable 64 is operatedtoward the right or towardcthe left, at each periodic reversal of thebattery to open the ma box lids 61 of the inflow operating regenerators on one side of the battery that snppl the air and simultaneou'sly to close the air box lids of the outflow regenerators on the opposite side of the During the 7 ing free to draw in battery: At this time the cable 74 controlling the several valves 72 in the pipes {i9 connected with the series of air boxes-52 has been moved to a position to open'tlie valves 72 of the pipes 69 which are connected with the producer gas feed pipe 76, causing a flow of producer gas into alternate'regenerators on the pusher side of thebattcry; the

valve operating levers 73 of the valves 72 in the pipe 69 of the intermediate air boxes 52 which are feeding air into the regenerators intermediate the producer gas regenerators do not, according to the arrangement above described, open on movement of the cable 74 in a direction to cause the feed of producer gas into the alternate air boxes 52 aforesaid, and hence there is no interference with the flow of air into the air boxes and thence into the air regenerators. The cable 59 controlling the damper'operating levers 58 has been moved to a position to open the dampers -57 of the entire series of air boxes 53, permitting the waste gas that enters such air boxes from the regenerators on the coke side of the longitudinal partition 25 to pass through such air boxes 53 into the waste gas tunnel 54. Simultaneously the cable 60 is maintained in such position as to close the dampers 57 of the entire series of air boxes 52. The positions of the pairs are exactly reversed when the inflow is shifted to the coke side of the battery and the outflow concurrently shifted to the pusher side of the battery, this taking lace at the end of one of the usual periodic revers ls of the oven. The cable 64 is operated to the reverse position to openithe alternate air boxes 53 on the coke side of the battery and close the alternate air boxes 52 on the pusher side of the battery; the cable 60 is operated to close the dampers 57 of the entire series of air boxes 53 and the cable 59 is operated to open the dampers of the entire series of air boxes 52; the cable 74 is operated to close the valves T2 that heretofore permitted producer gas to flow into alternate air boxes 52 connected with alternate regenerators on the pusher side of the battery, while thecable 75 is operated to open the valves '72 of alternate air boxes 53 that are co inec ed with alternate' regenerators on the coke side of the batter. As a result of the arrangement ofthe cab e 35 and valves 72 that are disconnected, the movement of the cable to open the valves 72 which are connected with the producer gas regenerators on the coke side of the battery does not open the valves 72 of the pipe 69 leading to the air boxes 53 which are connected to the air reganerators on the coke side of the battery, such air regenerators beair through the air ports of their respect ve arr boxes 53.

In operating the oven with coke oven gas in the ordinary manner, both the producer gas 111 the main 68 and the waste gas the main 67 is shut OE and at the same time both cables 74 and are operated to positions to close the entire series of valves 72 On reversal of the oven from the pusher side to coke side and vice versa both air box lid controlling cables 63 and 64 are operated simultaneously in the same direction to open either the entire series of air boxes52 to the outer air or vice vcrsa to open the entire series of air boxes to the outer air, this depending on whether the inflow is maintained through the regenerators on the coke or pusher side of-the oven. The cables 59 and (it) are operated in alternation at the end of each reversal period to connect over the entire series of air boxes with the waste gas tunnel or the entire series of air boxes 53 with said tunneL \Vhen operating according to this manner all of the regenerators on one side of the battery operate as air regenerators, while all of the regenerators on the other side of the battery operate in the usual way as outflow regenerators. On reversal the out-flow regenerators become air regeuerators and the air regenerators bccoinc outflow regcuerators. The coke oven gas is turned on to the coke oven gas main 3G and the cables 45 and 48 controlling the feed of the coke oven gas through the gas guns 3t) and 42 are operated in alternation to supply coke oven gas to the upburnirtg lines and c ncurrently cut off the supply of coke oven gas from the downlmrning, fines.

The invention embodies a further mode of operation in that coke oven gas may he used as a fuel, while simultaneously there is maintained to the upburning lines a supply of a neutral gaseous diluent, the neutral gaseous diluent entering the lines independently of both the coke oven gas and the air and performing the important function of greatly lengthening the flame, sons to equalize temperature conditions throughout a maximum area of the heating wall and prevent intense heat concentration in the lower portions of the walls. By this, a long flame is obtained, approximating that obtained when employing, as fuel, an extraneously derived gas, such as producer gas. To this is addcd the further feature that the neutral gaseous diluent, which is supplied to alter nate regenerators connected with theupburning tlues through the system of ducts above specified. may be switched at will-to the rcgenerators intermediate such alternate rcgenerators. This Snitching of the flow of neutral gaseous diluent from alternate regenerators to regrencrators intermediate such alternatc regenerators may take place at will at the end of each periodic reversal of. the oven or may he elie cted only at the end of occasional reversal periods. The possibility of switching the flow of neutral gaseous diluent from certain rcgcuerators to others greatly increases the flexibility of the turned on.

oven as a whole and is an important factor in maintaining a heat balance throughout the entire battery.

The following is the mode of operation when the oven batterv burns coke oven gas as a fuel, combined with a supply of neutral gaseous diluent to the upburning lines. The

supply of producer gas to the prodticer gas main 68 is turned off and the supply of coke oven gas to the coke oven gas main 36 is The reversal of coke oven to the lines on the opposite sides of the longi tudinal partition 25 is ellected in the same manner as in the ordinary coke oven gas operation just described. y operating the main controlling valve of the return waste gas main 67 a supply of cooled waste gas is permitted to flow from the waste gas tunncl 54 into said main 6?. When one series of regenerators operate as air regenerators and the regenerators intermediate such air regenerators operate as return waste gas regcnerators for supplying the neutral gaseous diluent to the fines, the air box lid controlling cable 64 remains in neutral position, while the lid cable 63 is operated at the end ofeach periodic reversal of the oven to alternately open and close the lids 61 of the intermediate air boxes 52 and 53 such air boxes supplying air in alternation to the intermediate air regenerators on the opposite sides of the battery. The cables 59 and 60 are obviously operated in the samr way as has been heretofore described. \Vhile the air boxes controlled by the cable 63 are active for supplying air in alternation, the intermediate pairs of air boxes 52, 5 1 are utilized to supply the gaseous diluent, or waste gas in alternation to the alternate waste gas regenerators on the opposite sides of the battery. The two cables 74 and?!) are thus operated in alternation in the samp direction to connect either the alternate air boxes 52 with the waste gas main or the alternate air boxes of the series 53, this depending on whether the flow is maintained through the waste gas regenerators on the coke or pusherside of the batten. During the entire time that the oven is operating in this manner the valves 72 CO1- nected with the air boxes that supply a 3 remain constantly closed. When it is as sired to switch the air regcnerators with the waste gas regencrators, at the end of any period of reversal of the battery; the cable 63 is'rcstored to neutral position and the cable 64 is operated in alternation to supply air to the air boxes 52 and 53 which it controls. The two cables 74 and 75 controlling the valves 72 are operated in a direction reversely from that previously described and as a consequence the valves 72 that heretofore remained closed are opened in alternation, this depending on which cable Pl or 75 1S operated-in the reverse direction. The valves 72 that are intermediate the valves now opened in alternation re main closed on reverse movement of either cable and no waste gas is permitted to enter the regencrators which have been switched from waste gas regenerators to air regenerators V On the pusher side A of the battery, there provided a pusher machine 79 of any preferred construction, which pusher machine operates in the usual way to push the charges of finished coke from the coking chambers 13? at the ends of the coking periods in such chambers.

In the present embodiment of the invention, the finished coke falls through the coking-chamber opening on the coke side of the battery and on an inclined coke wharf 80 that extends downwardly from approximatel r the floor level of the several coking cham ers. The hot coke is quenched on [,this wharf by water supplied from a hose 181 connected with any suitable source of water supply. At the lower end of the coke [quenching and discharge wharf or chute is an endless conveyer 81 which is adapted to carry away the freshly quenched coke for the usual subsequent handling. Be 'fore and during the quenching operation the coke is prevented from falling on to' the upper run of the conve er by means of a pivoted gate 82 which 15 adapted to close the lower end of the aforesaid wharf or chute 80. The gate 82 is provided with an operating lever 83 permitting it to be opened and closed as required. Beneath the gate 8 is a T efiecting apron 84 pivoted at 85. g heu a gate is opened apron 84 may swu ng into the position indicated by 4Q .;=dottcd lines in Fig. 1 so that it acts as a tguide for directing the coke from the lower end of the chute 80 to the convcyer 81. when the gate is closed, the apron 84is Sibling to the position indicated by full lines 'Qi1n saJd figure, toact as a guide for directing a water that discharges off the lower end thfi chute 80 into a dischar e tron "h 86 located beneath the lower end 0%said c tel pairs of buckstays 87 e x-tending from e top oi the battery down in front of the pillar walls. charge from the tops of the several coking ichambers 12 into ascension pipes 88 from sgwhich they pass to a collecting main 89, mvhich carries the gases to the usual by Product recovery apparatus.

The invention as hcreluabow set forth is embodied in a partiwilar form of con Q0 struetion but may be \aiiously embodied within the scope of the clain'is hereinafter mild. I

The features relating to the colic quench-- and handling Apps "aha eiuvn'r'or dein the fllibiiflulg lfi21gb,itifil? are 51he side walls of the battery are braced The gases of distillation dis-U made the subject matter of my divisional application for Letters Patent of the United States executed April 14, 1922,;filed April 18, 1922, for coke handling-apparatus and no claim to such coke quenching and handling apparatus is made in the present application.

I claim:

1. In av coking retort oven, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heat ing walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of two series of substantially triangular combustion fines arranged on opposite sides of the heating walls; regenerators disposed in in-flow and outflow groups and located at a lower level than the cokin chambers and the heating Walls and paral el therewith, the regencraters bein arranged in pairs and one regenerator of each pair being positioned end to end with the other regenerator of that pair; a. system of ducts connecting the regenerators on each side of the oven with the tines on the same side of the oven; a coke oven gas-su pl combined with means for alternately eeding the coke oven gas to the dues on the 0 posits side of the oven; a waste gas supp means for feeding waste gas to alternate in-flow regenerators and for concurrently permitting the flow of air through in-flow regenerators intermediate such alternate regenerators; and means for effecting interchange of the feed of air and waste as to Such, inflow regenerators; sub stanti'i ly as specified. I

2. In a coking retort oven in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and. respectively constituted of two series of combustion tlues arranged on opposite sides of the heating walls; regenerators disposed in in-flow and out-flow grou )S and located at a lower level than the colrin r chambers and the heating walls and paralle therewith, the regenemtors being arranged in pairs andone rege'nerator of each air being posi tinned end to end with the other regenerate! of that pair; a system of ducts'connecting the regcnerators on each side of the oven with the fines on the. same sides of the oven a coke oven gas supply combined with means for alternately feeding the coke oven gas to the dues on the opposite sides of the oven; a Waste gas supply; means for feeding waste gas to alternate in-fiow regenerators and for concurrently permitting the flow of air through iii-flow regcnerators intermediate such alternate mg enerators; and means for pfiecting intercjange of the feed of air and .{waste 'as tosut'iiin-flow regenerators: sub

stant-ia Ives specified.

3. Inaooki retort oven. ll] combinatmn: a i qglripg c-l'lanibrrs: heating i g't rsuch coking chambers fliiilg'diq) I {monitored of two sclics cf combustion flues arranged on bpposite sides ofqthe heating walls; regenerators disposed in in-flow and out-flow groups-and located at a lower level than the cokin chambers and the heating walls and parallel therewith; a System of ducts connecting the regenerators on each side of the oven with theflues on the same sides of the oven; a coke oven gas sup sly combined with means for alternately fe ing the, coke oven gas to the fines on the opposite sides of the oven; a waste gas supp means for feeding waste gas to alter nate in-flow regenerators and for concurrently permitting the flow of air through in flow regenerators intermediate such alternate regenerators; and means for effecting interchange of the feed of air and waste gas to such in-flow regcnerators; substantially as specified.

4. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a. lurality of coking chambers; heating wals conti ous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of verti 'al combnstion fines; regeneratois disposed in inflow and out-flow groups and located at a lower level than thecoking chambers and the heating'walls and parallel therewith, the regenerators being arranged in pairs and one rege-nerator of each pair being positioned end to end with the other regenerator of that pair; a system of ducts connecting the rgenerators on each side of the oven with the fines on the same sides of the oven: a. coke oven gas supply combined with means for alternate] feeding the coke oven gas to the flnes on he opposite sides of the oven; a waste gas supply; means for feeding waste gas to alternate iii-flow regent-raters and for concurrently permitting the flow of an through in-flotv regenerators intermediate snoh alternate regeneratois; and mcaus tor eli'eoting interchange of the feed of air and waste as to such in-flow regenerators; substantia 1y as specified. I l

5. A coking retort oven having coking chambers, heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers, and reginerators disposed in in-flow and out-flow lgronps and com mnnicably connected with said heating walls, combined with metns tor optionally supplying coke oven gas to said heat ng walls, and means for optionally permitting the flow of neutral gaseous diluent or an ex treneouslyderived fuel gas to alternate inflow regenerators and for concurrently permitting the flow of air to in-flow regeneratore intermediate isuch alternate regenerators; substantially as specified.

6'. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a lnrality of coking chambers; heat-- ing wall s contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of combustion fines; regenerators disposed in inllow and out-flow groups and communicably con necbed with said combustion fines: means for feeding a neutral gaseous diluent to alternate in-tlow rcgenerators and for concurrently permitting the flow of air through in-tlow regencrators intermediate such alternate regenerators and means for elfcting interchange of the feed of air and d luent to such inflow regenerators; substantially as specified.

7. In a coking retort oven, in combination: a plurality of coking chambers; heatin walls contiguous to such coking chamhers and respectively constituted of combustion tines; rcgcnerators disposed in in-fiow and out-flow groups and commnnicably connectcd with said combustion fines; a waste gas supply; means for feeding waste gas to alternate in-tlow regenerators and 'for concurrently permitting the flow of air through in-tlow regenerators intermediate such alternate regenerators; and means for effecting-intcrchange of the feed of air and waste gas to such in-fiow regenerators; substantially as specified.

8. A coking retort oven having coki chambers, heating walls contiguous to Sue coking chambers, and regenerators disposed in in-tlow and out-flow groups and comiuunicably connected with said heating walls, combined with means for permitting the supply of coke oven gas to said-walls, means for permitting the flowct waste gas to alternate in-flow regenerators and for concurrently permitting the flow of air to inflow .regcnerators intermediate such'altermite rogcnerators, and means, operable at will. for effecting interchangeflof the flow of air and waste gas to such in-flow regencrators; substantially as specified.

9. In a coking retort oven, in corribination: a )lurality o coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of oombus. tion fines; regenerators disposed in in'tlbw and out-flow groups and located at a lower level than the coking chambers and the heating walls, the regenerators being connected by ducts with said lines; a coke oven gas so )pl y combined with means for feeding the coke oven gas at will to the lines; means for reversing the direction of flow through said regenerators and lines; a waste gas supply; a producer gas supply; and means for alternatively feeding waste gas or producer gas to alternate in-flow regeuerators and for "concurrently feeding air to in-flow regenerators intermediate such alternate regenerators, or for feeding air to all oi the in-llow operating regenerators; substantially as specified. t

10v in a process for controlling combustion in coking ovens. the conducting of the combustion with their own gases of distillation and air and such a proportionate admixture of a neutral gaseous diluent, introduced into the combustion zone independentlv of such gas and air. as to produce heatin conditions and etiects substantially equiv-a cut to those obtainable in firing such ovens with an extranconsly derived gas surh as producer gas; substantially as specified.

1]. In a process for controlling combustion in coking ovens. the conducting of the combustion alternatively with their own has of distillation or with an extraneously derived fuel gas. such as producer and in each instance with air to support the combustion. and in the former instance with such a proportionate admixture of a neutral gaseous diluent. introduced into the combus tion zone independently of the air and the fuel gas, as to produce heating conditions and effects substantially equivalent to those obtained in the firing of the other alternatively employed fuel gas; substantially as specified.

12. Means for controlling the combustion in coke ovens comprising, in combination: a combustion cluunber provided with an air i inlet and a fuel gas inlet, means for introducing air and fuel gas respectively through said inlets into the combustion chamber, and means for introducing into the combustion chamber, independently of the gas and air, a'gas having a low oxygen content; substan tially as specified.

13. Means for controlling the combustion in coke ovens compr si g; in combination: a combustion chamber provided with an air inlet and a fuel gas inlet, means for introducing air and fuel gas respectively through said inlets into the combustion chamber, and means for introdurin' into the combustion chamber, iiulependently of the gas and air, a neutral misconsdiluent: substantially as -ipecified.

14. In a coking oven, in combination: coking chambers; combustion fines; a fuel gas supply adapted to supply to said flues gas of distillation from the coking chambers; an air supply to said fiues; and means for supplying also to said fines and independently of the air and gas such a proportionatv admixture of a neutral gaseous diluent as to l 'figluce heating conditions and effects substantially equivalent to those olfiairulble in firing such ovens with an extriinepusly derived gas, such aS producer gas; substam tially as specified.

15. In a coke .oven in combination: coking dhambers; combustion fines; a fuel gas supply adapted to supply to s'uch' llues gas of distillation from the coking chambers; an alternative fuel gas supply adapted to sup ply to said fines an extraneously derived gas; such as producer gas; means for alternatively admitting and shutting off such fuel gas supplies; and means for supplying also to said lines. when said first named fuel gas is employed a d independently of the gas and air, such a proportionate admixture of a neutral aseous diluent as to produce heating condi ions andeefl'ects substantially equivalent to those obtainable in firing of other alternatively em loyed fuel gases; substantiallyz's specified 16. In a coke oven battery, in combination; a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers; cross-wise regenerators disposed in series on both sides of the battery and communicably connected with said heating walls; and flow-reversing devioes disposed only on one side of the battery for reversing the direction of flow through the series of regenerators on both sides of the battery; substantially as specified.

17. In a coke oven battery, in combination; a plurality of coking chambers; crosswise regenerators disposed at a lower level than said coking chambers and in two series and communicabl connected with said heating walls; and ow-reversing devices disposed only on one side of the battery for reversing the direction of flowthrough both series of said regenerators; substantially a specified.

18. In a coke oven batter in combination; a plurality of coking c ambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers; cross-wise regenerators disposed in series on both sides of the battery and communieably connected with both said heating walls: fuel gas supply meanslocated on'one side of the battery; and flow-reversing devices disposed only on the same side of the battery as said fuel gas supply means, said flow reversing devices operating periodically to reverse the direction of flow through the series of regenerators on both sides of the battery and to control the feed of fuel gas from said supply means whereby fuel gas is fed only to that portion of the heatin r walls that is commumcnbly connected wit regeneiators that are operating for in-fiow; substantially as specified. 19. In a coke oven batter in combination; a plurality of coking c embers; heating walls contiguous tosuc coking chumher c and respectively constituted of combustiqn fines; re eneratorsflisposed in series on both sides o. the battery; ducts connecting the respective i'genrutors with the'flues; a fuel pgssupply-means combined with periodic ya ly-operable, flow-reversing devices ior alternately feeding the fuel gas to the fines on the opposite sides-,of the battery; and periodWally-operable; flow-reversing devices ocated on the same side of the battery as the aforesaid gas-Hovv-reversiat, devioes, for 1e 7 versing the direction of flow through the regenerators on both sides of the battery; substantially as specified.

20. In a coke oven battery, in combination; a plurality of coking chambers; heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers and respectively constituted of combustion flues; regenerators disposed in series on both sides of the battery and communicablg connected with said combustion fines; a co e oven gas-su ly means combined with periodically-operai: e, flow reversing devices for alternately feeding the cok oven gas to the lines on the opposite sides of the battery, and periodically-operable flow-reversing devices. located on the same side of the battery as the aforesaid gas-fiow-reversing devices. for reversing the direction of flow through the regenerators on both sides of the battery; substantially as specified.

21. A coking retort oven having coking chambers, heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers, and regenerators disposed in in-fiow and out-flow groups and communicably connected with said heating walls, combined with means for permitting the flow of a neutral gaseous diluent to some of the in-flow negenerators and for permitting the flow of air to others of the in-flow re generators, and means for optionally effecting aninterchan e of the flow of air and neutral gaseous tiluent to such in-flow re generators, substantially as specified.

22. A coking retort oven having coking chambers, heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers, in in-flow and outflow groups and communicably connected with said heating walls, combined with means for operating some of the iii-flow regenerators substantially'for the flow of a neutral gaseous diluent and for operating others of the in-flow regenerators and regenerators disposed substantially for the How of air; substan tially as specified.

23. A coking retort oven having coking chambers, heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers, and regencrators disposed in in-fiow and out-flow groups and commit nicably connected with said heating walls. Combined with means for eflecting the operation of said in-flow regenerators conjointly as air rcgenerators or separately as air and return waste gas regcnerators; substantially as specified.

24. A coking retort oven having coking chambers, heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers. and regencrators disposed in in-flow and out-flow groups and communicably connected with said heating walls,

combined with a return waste gas main receiving waste gas from the out-flow regerr erators, and means for effecting cormnunication between said return waste gas main and some of the in-fiow regenerators; substantially as specified.

25. A coking retort. men having coking chambers, heating walls contiguous to such coking chambers. and regencrutors disposed in in-fiow and out-flow groups and communicably connected with said heating walls, combined with a return waste gas main rcceiving waste gas from the out-flow regenerators, and flow-controlling devices directly connecting said return waste gas main with the in-flow regencrators. whereby return waste gas may be optionally directed into some of the in-fiow rcgenerators; substantially as specified.

JOSEPH BECKER. 

